Imam Mosque Isfahan

Imam Mosque, is a mosque in Isfahan, Iran standing in south side of Naghsh-i Jahan Square. Built during the Safavid period, it is an excellent example of Islamic architecture of Iran, and regarded as one of the masterpieces of Persian Architecture. The Shah Mosque of Esfahan is one of the everlasting masterpieces of architecture in Iran. It is registered, along with the Naghsh-i Jahan Square, as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Its construction began in 1611, and its splendor is mainly due to the beauty of its seven-colour mosaic tiles and calligraphic inscriptions.The mosque is one of the treasures featured on Around the World in 80 Treasures presented by the architecture historian Dan Cruickshank. The mosque is depicted on the reverse of the Iranian 20,000 rials banknote. [1] History Shah AbbasCopper engraving by Dominicus Custos, from his Atrium heroicum Caesarum pub. 1600–1602. In 1598, when Shah Abbas decided to move the capital of his Persian empire from the northwestern ci ty of Qazvin to the central city of Isfahan, he initiated what would become one of the greatest programmes in Persian history; the complete remaking of this ancient city.By choosing the central city of Isfahan, fertilized by the Zayandeh River (â€Å"The life-giving river†), lying as an oasis of intense cultivation in the midst of a vast area of arid landscape, he both distanced his capital from any future assaults by the Ottomans and the Uzbeks, and at the same time gained more control over the Persian Gulf, which had recently become an important trading route for the Dutch and British East India Companies. 2]The chief architect of this colossal task of urban planning was Shaykh Bahai (Baha' ad-Din al-`Amili), who focused the programme on two key features of Shah Abbas's master plan: the Chahar Bagh avenue, flanked at either side by all the prominent institutions of the city, such as the residences of all foreign dignitaries, and the Naqsh-e Jahan Square (â€Å"Examplar of the World†). [3] Prior to the Shah's ascent to power, Persia had a decentralized power structure, in which different institutions battled for power, including both the military (the Qizilbash) and governors of the different provinces making up the empire.Shah Abbas wanted to undermine this political structure, and the recreation of Isfahan, as a Grand capital of Persia, was an important step in centralizing the power. [4] The ingenuity of the square, or Maidan, was that, by building it, Shah Abbas would gather the three main components of power in Persia in his own backyard; the power of the clergy, represented by the Masjed-e Shah, the power of the merchants, represented by the The Imperial Bazaar, and of course, the power of the Shah himself, residing in the Ali Qapu Palace.The crown jewel in this project was the Masjed-e Shah, which would replace the much older Jameh Mosque in conducting the Friday prayers. To achieve this, the Shah Mosque was constructed not only with visi on of grandeur, having the largest dome in the city, but Shaykh Bahai also planned the construction of two religious schools and a winter mosque clamped at either side of it. 5] Because of the Shah's desire to have the building completed during his lifetime, shortcuts were taken in the construction; for example, the Shah ignored warnings by one of the architects Abu'l Qasim regarding the danger of subsidence in the foundations of the mosque, and he pressed ahead with the construction. [6] The architect proved to have been justified, as in 1662 the building had to undergo major repairs. [7] Also, the Persians invented a new style of tile mosaic (the Seven-colour) that was both cheaper and quicker, and that eventually speed up the construction.This job was masterly done by some of the best craftsmen in the country, and the whole work was supervised by Master calligrapher, Reza Abbasi. In the end, the final touches on the mosque were made in late 1629, few months after the death of the Shah. Also, many historians have wondered about the peculiar orientation of The Royal square (The Maidan). Unlike most buildings of importance, this square did not lie in alignment with Mecca, so that when entering the entrance-portal of the mosque, one makes, almost without realising it, the half-right turn, which enables the main court within to face Mecca.Donald Wilber gives the most plausible explanation to this; the vision of Shaykh Bahai was for the mosque to be visible wherever in the maydan a person was situated. Had the axis of the maydan coincided with the axis of Mecca, the dome of the mosque would have been concealed from view by the towering entrance portal leading to it. By creating an angle between them, the two parts of the building, the entrance portal and the dome, are in perfect view for everyone within the square to admire. [8] Architecture and design The entrance iwan with its towering facade Design – the four-iwan styleThe Safavids founded the Shah Mosq ue as a channel through which they could express themselves with their numerous architectural techniques. The four-iwan format, finalized by the Seljuq dynasty, and inherited by the Safavids, firmly established the courtyard facade of such mosques, with the towering gateways at every side, as more important than the actual building itself. [9] During Seljuq rule, as Islamic mysticism was on the rise and Persians were looking for a new type of architectural design that emphasized an Iranian identity, the four-iwan arrangement took form.The Persians already had a rich architectural legacy, and the distinct shape of the iwan was actually taken from earlier, Sassanid palace-designs,[9] such as The Palace of Ardashir. Thus, Islamic architecture witnessed the emergence of a new brand that differed from the hypostyle design of the early, Arab mosques, such as the Umayyad Mosque. The four-iwan format typically took the form of a square shaped, central courtyard with large entrances at each side, giving the impression of being gateways to the spiritual world.Painting by the French architect, Pascal Coste, visiting Persia in 1841. The painting shows the main courtyard, with two of the iwans. The iwan to the right is topped by the goldast, which in many Persian mosques had replaced the function of the minarets. Standing in the public square, or Maidan, the entrance-iwan (gateway) to the mosque takes the form of a semicircle, resembling a recessed half-moon and measuring 27 meters in height, the arch framed by turquoise ornament and decorated with rich stalactite tilework, a distinct feature of Persian Islamic architecture.At the sides rise two minarets, 42 meters high, topped by beautifully carved, wooden balconies with stalactites running down the sides. Master calligrapher of the Royal court, Reza Abbasi, inscribed the date of the groundbreaking of the construction, and besides it, verses praising Muhammad and Ali. [10] In the middle, in front of the entrance, stood a small pool and a resting place for the horses, and inside the worshippers found a large marble basin set on a pedestal, filled with fresh water or lemonade.This basin still stands as it has for four hundred years, but no longer serves the function of providing refreshments to the worshipers at the Friday prayers. When passing through the entrance portal, one reaches the main courtyard, centered around a large pool. The two gateways (iwans) on the sides leads ones attention to the main gateway at the far end, the only one with minarets, and behind it the lofty dome, with its colorful ornamentation. The distinct feature of any mosque is the minaret, and the Masjed-e Shah has four.Still, in Persian mosques, tall minarets were considered unsuitable for the call to prayer, and they would add an aedicule, known in Persian as a goldast (bouquet) for this particular purpose, which in the Masjed-e Shah stands on top of the west iwan. [11] The Religious Buildings Interior view of the winter m osque, built as a typical hypostyle mosque. Inside, the acoustic properties and reflections at the central point under the dome is an amusing interest for many visitors, as the ingenuity of the architects, when creating the dome, enables the Imam to speak with a subdued voice and still be heard clearly by everyone inside the building.The mihrab, a large marble tablet ten feet tall and three feet wide on the southwestern wall, indicated the direction of Mecca. Above it the Shah's men had placed a gold-encrusted cupboard of allow wood. It held two relics: a Quran, said to have been copied by Imam Reza, and the bloodstained robe of Imam Hussain. Although never displayed, the robe was said to have magical powers; lifted on the end of a pike in the battle field, the belief was that it could rout an enemy. [12] From the main courtyard, the iwan pointing to east contained a religious school, or madrasa.It contains an inscription by calligrapher Muhammad Riza Imami praising the Fourteen Imm aculate Ones (i. e. , Muhammad, Fatimah and The Twelve Imams). The iwan in the western corner leads to another madrasa and a winter mosque. In its own, private courtyard, one can find the famous sundial made by Shaykh Bahai. The dome As with iwans, the introduction of domes into Islamic architectural designs was done by the Persians. The oldest such building is the Grand Mosque of Zavareh, dating 1135. 13] The Persians had constructed such domes for centuries before, and some of the earliest known examples of large-scale domes in the World are found in Iran, an example being the The Maiden Castle. So, the Safavid Muslims borrowed heavily from pre-Islamic knowledge in dome-building, i. e. the use of squinches to create a transition from an octagonal structure, into a circular dome. To cover up these transition zones, the Persians built rich networks of stalactites. Thus, came also the introduction of this feature into Persian mosques. A renaissance in Persian dome building was initia ted by the Safavids.The distinct feature of Persian domes, which separates them from those domes created in the Christian world or the Ottoman and Mughal empires, was the colorful tiles, with which they covered the exterior of their domes, as they would on the interior. These domes soon numbered dozens in Isfahan, and the distinct, blue-colored shape would dominate the skyline of the city. Reflecting the light of the sun, these domes appeared like glittering turquoise gem and could be seen from miles away by travelers following the Silk road through Persia.Reaching 53 meters in height, the dome of the Masjed-e Shah would become the tallest in the city when it was finished in 1629. It was built as a double-shelled dome, with 14 meters spanning between the two layers, and resting on an octagonal dome chamber. [14] Art Mosaic detail, as found in the Shah Mosque, showing Quranic calligraphy written in Thuluth script (photo taken at the Lotfallah Mosque). Interior view of the lofty dome covered with polychrome tiles, intended to give the spectator a sense of heavenly transcendence.The Masjed-e Shah was a huge structure, said to contain 18 million bricks and 475,000 tiles, having cost the Shah 60,000 tomans to build. [15] It employed the new haft rangi (seven-colour) style of tile mosaic. In earlier Iranian mosques the tiles had been made of faience mosaic, a slow and expensive process where tiny pieces are cut from monochrome tiles and assembled to create intricate designs. In the haft rangi method, artisans put on all the colors at once, then fired the tile. Cheaper and quicker, the new procedure allowed a wider range of colors to be used, creating richer patterns, sweeter to the eye. 7][16] According to Jean Chardin, it was the low humidity in the air in Persia that made the colors so much more vivid and the contrasts between the different patterns so much stronger than what could be achieved in Europe, where the colors of tiles turned dull and lost its appearanc e. [17]Still, most contemporary and modern writers regard the tile work of the Masjed-e Shah as inferior in both quality and beauty compared to those covering the Lotfallah Mosque, the latter often referred to by contemporary Persian historians, such as Iskandar Munshi, as the mosque of great purity and beauty. 18] The architects also employed a great deal of marble, which they gathered from a marble quarry in nearby Ardestan. [7] Throughout the building, from the entrance portal and to the main building, the lower two meters of the walls are covered with beige marble, with beautifully carved poles at each side of every doorway and carved inscriptions throughout. Above this level begins the mosaic tiles that cover the rest of the building. The entrance portal of the mosque displays the finest tile decoration in the building.It is entirely executed in tile mosaic in a full palette of seven colors (dark Persian blue, light Turkish blue, white, black, yellow, green and bisquit). A wide inscription band with religious texts written in white thuluth script on a dark blue ground frames the iwan. The tiles in the Masjed-e Shah are predominantly blue, except in the covered halls of the building, which were later revetted in tiles of cooler, yellowy-green shades. [16] Facing northwards, the mosque’s portal to the Maidan is usually under shadow but since it has been coated with radiant tile mosaics it glitters with a predominantly blue light of extraordinary intensity.The ornamentation of the structures is utterly traditional, as it recaptures the classic Iranian motifs of symbolic appeal for fruitfulness and effectiveness. Within the symmetrical arcades and the balanced iwans, one is drowned by the endless waves of intricate arabesque in golden yellow and dark blue, which bless the spectator with a space of internal serenity. Architects The architects of the mosque are reported to be the following masters:[10] * Muhibb Ali Beg (Supervisor of the project, and als o the imperial treasurer) * Ostad Shaykh Bahai (Chief architect) * Ostad Ali Beg Isfahani * Ostad Badi al-Zaman Ostad Abu'l Qasim Measurements The port of the mosque measures 27 m (89 ft) high, crowned with two minarets 42 m (138 ft) tall. The Mosque is surrounded with four iwans and arcades. All the walls are ornamented with seven-color mosaic tile. The most magnificent iwan of the mosque is the one facing the Qibla measuring 33 m (108 ft) high. Behind this iwan is a space which is roofed with the largest dome in the city at 52 m (171 ft) height. The dome is double layered. The whole of the construction measures 100 by 130 metres (330 ft Ãâ€" 430 ft), with the central courtyard measuring 70 by 70 metres (230 ft Ãâ€" 230 ft).

Everlast – What Its Like

The song I chose is called â€Å"What its like† by Everlast. The piece was written by Erik Schrody, an Irish-American singer/rapper born on August 18, 1969. The first time I listed to this song, it really grabbed my attention. The song tells about circumstantial extremities in life and how people react to them. It first tells of a bum, begging for money at a liquor store. The song tells of this man begging for money with shame in his eyes, suggesting how hard it is for him to do. Maybe if there was any other way, he would have avoided the situation. Second, it tells of an adolescent teenage girl that becomes pregnant in a relationship she thought would last forever. It ends up that the young man stops talking to her and abandons her completely. She is left to make a choice and decided to get an abortion. The people give her â€Å"static† as she comes through the door at the clinic, there was tension in the decision that she made, people degraded her by calling her horrible things for the decision that she makes. How could they know her pain? Can they judge her? The last character is Max. Max has problems with drugs and alcohol and seems to have violent friends as well. Max is the one I felt most like judging because he hangs out with drug dealers and gets smashed drunk all the time and thus wise neglects his responsibilities as a dad and a husband. He ends up losing his temper one night and gets in a gun brawl and gets shot and dies. His problems are then left for his grief stricken family to deal with. The song touches heavily on not judging someone until you are fully aware of their circumstances. In my opinion, the single best line in the song is, â€Å"god forbid you ever had to walk a mile in their shoes, then you might know what it’s like to have to choose. The song is written in a type of blues, hip-hop soft rock. It’s really a unique style that Everlast created after having been involved so much in so many different kinds of music. There are only two guitars and a drum set used in this song. It is interesting to note that a majority of the song is played D Minor, which is said to be the single saddest note in the musical spectrum. (see wikipidia: D Minor) There have yet to be any remakes of the song. The song is still played on the radio today and seems to attract attention where ever it is played.

Stress in the workplace Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Stress in the workplace - Research Paper Example They have achieved it on the cost of their personal and social life. The urge to remain employed has caused the employees to endorse the culture of work-life imbalance. The whole effort of the employees is concentrated at increasing the productivity. Since the time is limited, employees have no option but to sacrifice their private life for the work. This is the reason why employees do not find time to spend with the family. While on one hand, this is distorting the employees’ relations with their families, on the other hand, it is also affecting their performance as continued work without breaks and rest declines an individual’s mental and physical efficiency. In addition to that, the ones who have managed to remain employed have been assigned the job responsibilities of the employees that have been terminated, which has essentially increased the work load for the remaining employees manifolds. Since the effects of economic recession are not limited to the workplace, t he employees have to deal with the inflation and increased rates of things of everyday use. There is so much to purchase in a very limited salary, that an employee always runs short of money. Stress in the workplace is one of the most important causes of increase in employees’ depression and anxiety. Some employees have been stressed to the point that they have attempted suicide. â€Å"[Employees] come to work and tell a manager or colleague that they are thinking of harming themselves. They are texting, calling, instant-messaging. Or they’ll disclose they’ve made an attempt. Some have even tried to kill themselves at work† (LeBlanc cited in Mirza, 2012). Stress in the workplace has distorted the employees’ relations with the family members, particularly with the spouses.

Exercises Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Exercises - Research Paper Example This gives the appearance that I am not in my room. I love my colleagues, but they often distract me with gossip and stories about their personal lives. I do not want to visit during my planning period. Each day I try to make concrete lesson plans for the next several days. I then review these plans and make adjustments at the end of each day. I never take lesson planning home with me. There is something about being in my classroom that actually helps me to visualize what will happen (or what is supposed to happen) with each lesson. Conversely, I never grade at school. Grading is kept for the end of the day. I actually find it relaxing in some ways. I will often put on soft background music and pour myself something refreshing to drink. Scoring writing does take more of my concentration. I usually will sit in my kitchen in silence to do this sort of grading. Everything else is done at a lap desk curled-up on the couch. Grading is usually the last chore I do before going to bed. I same all of my documents directly to the hard drive of my computer. I rarely back them up because my computer is synchronized with the servers at school each day. I probably should have my own personal back up on a thumb drive of some sort. This would be a good practice because the tech personnel at my school are not really all that good a retrieving lost information. I know some teachers that have lost hundreds of documents and have never gotten them back because a server malfunctioned. I think I’ll start using a thumb drive tomorrow. After viewing the video and reading the documents, I can see that I have good time management skills but there is room for improvement. I have a very good schedule for accomplishing all of the tasks required of a teacher, but I sometimes lack focus on those tasks. I do not group like tasks together very well. For example, I answer e-mails as they arrive in my mailbox all day long. This is not a good

The extent of bankers' awareness, attitude towards social enterprises Dissertation - 2

The extent of bankers' awareness, attitude towards social enterprises business modes and social enterprises' ability to at - Dissertation Example This research is mainly descriptive and exploratory in nature. Research approach can be qualitative or quantities or mixed. Since, the present study deals with qualitative variables and it is of exploratory and descriptive nature, employing a qualitative research approach will be the most appropriate one. Quantifying awareness or attitudes of bankers or ability to wiliness of social enterprises is not quite possible. It would be more suitable to gather some qualitative and subjective ideas regarding these variables. (Kotler, 1972) In a qualitative study data is generated on the basis of the participants’ opinion regarding a particular topic. A research of qualitative nature is helpful for examining any case thoroughly. As highlighted by Creswell (2001), a qualitative study generally shows a tendency of gathering data in natural settings. In a qualitative research, collected data usually takes into account the beliefs and point of views of the researchers and the sample partici pants who are being scrutinized, through the utilization of different types of research instruments. Research tools that are employed to assemble the data are personal observations, focus groups study, case studies and interviews (Creswell, 1994). Research Instrument For conducting a qualitative study, the technique of surveying seems to be the most appropriate one. Researchers employ surveys to obtain specific knowledge about certain individual’s awareness, beliefs, perspectives, preferences and the level of satisfaction regarding some specific aspects. For the purpose of present study primary survey seems to be the most appropriate one where a sample of bankers and managers of social enterprises has been chosen and asked a range of questions through the process of interviews. (Kotler, 1972) Interview is regarded as an extremely valuable and influential tool for carrying out researches, mainly qualitative studies. At the time of conducting any research, a bunch of selected i ndividuals are interviewed for examining what an individual in reality think concerning a specific matter. Interviews facilitate researchers in accessing the standpoint of those individuals who are being confronted with a bunch of questions related to the topic of a research. By means of interviews it becomes feasible to discover some vital things pertinent to a research topic that can not be achieved or observed otherwise. Interviews also assist in revealing the meanings of some specific things associated with the behaviour pattern of individuals, their feelings, habits etc. (Burns and.Bush, 1995). Additionally, the technique of interviewing also represents a tool of collecting data systematically through asking various types of questions, listening to those questions attentively and recording or noting the responses to those questions precisely. By means of the technique of interviews, a researcher obtains an access of an extensive range of knowledge, various sorts of circumstance s and a variety of experiences that could not be attained otherwise. While conducting interviews, researchers may face a huge probability that a candidate would explain some confidential or susceptible behaviour, pertinent to the interview’s topic, which happened in past or in some places that are unreachable for the researchers. Interviews are capable of providing definite information

Managerial Decision in Economics Research Paper

Managerial Decision in Economics - Research Paper Example The study tries to unearth some of the aspects of managerial economics towards the decision of hiring by evaluating the various micro economic factors relevant to the case so as to formulate a set of plausible recommendation on this crucial aspect of managerial decision making. Definition Hiring of workers largely depends on the dynamics of the demand and supply aspects of the economy and the market. In a perfectly competitive market the hiring of labor is largely determined by the intersection point of the demand and supply curve of labor. The wages of these employees are also determined by the intersection of demand and supply for labor in a market. The demand for labor is numerically equal to the marginal revenue labor product. The marginal revenue product refers to the total increase in the firm’s revenues that occurs due to the aspects of hiring a new labor or other resource that is largely variable in nature. The demand for labor is largely determined by the consumer dem and for gods and services for a firm. This constitutes the derived aspects of determinant of the demand for labor. The labor supply curve shows the number of laborers that are willing towards working at specified rates. A firm operating in perfect market conditions hires workers until a point when the wage rate of laborers becomes equal to the marginal revenue product (Tucker, 2008, p.191). In order to tide over situations of increase in demand in the market firms normally resort to hiring of temporary workers to tide over the need for increased supply of workers to meet the equilibrium. However this does not appear be a formidable solution as the demand of products is likely to stabilize and that the company would need extra laborers to satisfy the customers. Hence it would be better to hire new permanent workers that would be beneficial in the long run. Factors or Costs Costs form the most important aspect for companies while undertaking a hiring decision. Most often business orga nizations take up a cost benefit analysis of the marginal cost of hiring a labor with the marginal benefits being offered by the hiring of a new additional worker. The main aim of a business organization is to make profits to satisfy its shareholders. Hence analyzing cost becomes important while undertaking a decision to hire a new worker. Firms undertake a hiring decision when the marginal benefit becomes greater than the marginal cost. Employing an additional resource in the organization would lead to the generation of an additional unit of output. However firms must realize that profit comes from marginal revenue and not marginal output. This calls for a delicate balance between marginal benefit and marginal cost. Only under conditions of the marginal revenue increasing a firm takes a decision to hire a new worker. In other words the marginal revenue product must be equal to the value marginal product (Gwartney, Sobel & Macpherson, 2006, p.537-539). Figure 1: Demand Curve for New Resource (Source: Gwartney, Sobel & Macpherson, 2006, p.539) The figure above shows the labor demand curve as a function of the cost of hiring a resource. The curve provides an idea about the marginal revenue product of a particular resource employed by an organization. The graph takes a downward movement as the marginal product would fall as the resource is used

Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 16

Questions - Essay Example This minimizes the risks involved when attending to a patient. Information systems in nursing also have researched medical practices approved by international bodies that help nurse come up with decisions when attending to patients. In my organization, the management has incorporated the use of CPOE that has been significant in ensuring that patient doctor confidentiality is maintained (Hebda & Czar, 2009). As a nurse this is important to my service as I am required to keep intact the relationship between me and my patients. Information security is a factor many medical organizations strive to achieve. However, current and former employees pose the biggest threat in achieving information security. Many employees in an organization have access to the information the organization has in form of medical records and patient information. After termination of working contracts, some former employees may relay this confidential information to other parties. The most important information is patient personal information and medical records (Hebda & Czar, 2009). Every medical organization is charged with the responsibility of ensuring information regarding their patients’ remains a private affair. To curb this shortcoming, organizations should formulate contracts that bind employees to confidentiality even after termination of their working contracts (Spagnoletti & Resca, 2008). Hefty penalties should be imposed to employees who breach these terms even after their working contracts have been

Essay on the movie ti kill a mockingbird Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

On the movie ti kill a mockingbird - Essay Example There is no denying the fact that â€Å"Early on in the history of American South, the institution of slavery established race as one of the dominant influences shaping Southern culture (Beck, Frandsen & Randall 121)†, whose diluted remnants can still be traced in the contemporary Southern life. In that context this movie is primarily concerned with the dynamics of the race relations in the South. To a great extent the movie traces the conflict and friction accompanying the change in social perceptions pertaining to the notion of race in the South. The fictional character of Tom in the movie To Kill a Mockingbird emerges as a symbolic representative of the injustices inflicted on a section of the Southern society, a direct outcome of the Southern notions of race. The movie elaborately delineates the race based bifurcation of the Southern society, which happened to be all encompassing, including within its ambit all the salient aspects of the Southern social life, like habitati ons, religion, mannerisms, language, food, politics and sadly justice also. Class is an important concern in this movie as social class has traditionally commanded immense importance in the essentially agrarian Southern culture replete with â€Å"an abundance of myths and stereotypes about the poor and the wealthy (Beck, Frandsen & Randall 46)†. In that sense, this movie allows the audience to glance over a range of class affiliated stereotypes like the conservative Mrs. Dubose, and the Cunninghams and the Ewells belonging to the lower class, from the relatively balanced perspective of Jem and Scout. The movie in a way visually presents the complex interplay between the Southern notions of class and race, with those at the receiving end of the system trying to seek a common space. For instance, when Scout embarrasses the poor Walter Cunningham, she is severely reprimanded by her black cook Calpurnia. However, it does need to be mentioned that when

The Hypocrisy of Civilized Society as a Major Theme in Huckleberry Research Paper

The Hypocrisy of Civilized Society as a Major Theme in Huckleberry Finn - Research Paper Example It's also where he gained a lot of the experience he would need to create The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Although these were essentially children's stories, Twain had a tendency to create stories with a much deeper meaning underneath the charm and the humor. He encouraged his readers to plunge the depths of their understanding and adapt their behavior to a more accurate reflection of their inner beliefs (Railton, 2007). In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Twain blatantly criticizes the hypocrisy of 'civilized' society as he ridicules religion, satirizes education, criticizes slavery, and exposes aristocratic characters. Twain Ridicules Religion Religion was a particular sore spot with Twain and he expresses his disdain of it through the characters of the Widow Douglas and Miss Watson. These poor ladies remain obediently devout through everything, without seeming to realize that their belief structures are almost entirely contradictory. Huck sums it up when he's out thinking i n the woods, "I judged I could see that there was two Providences, and a poor chap would stand considerable show with the widow’s Providence, but if Miss Watson’s got him there warn’t no help for him any more" (23). ... Even though the families sit calmly together in church, the feud begins again the moment they step foot off of church property: "The men took their guns along, so did Buck†¦The Shepherdsons done the same. It was pretty ornery preaching- all about brotherly love, and such-like tiresomeness;† (129), but the families don't hear any of it. Even with the church pleading with them to put aside their fight, it is the feud rather than the church that has the greatest influence on them. â€Å"Worse than the mindless, inherited pattern of the feud, however, is the fact that it serves no purpose, since the original cause of the conflict long has been forgotten.† (Wright 90). This experience has a profound effect on Huck's later decisions. When it comes time for Huck to decide whether to turn in his friend Jim as a runaway slave, Huck decides it would be better to go to hell. â€Å"I took it up, and held it in my hand. I was trembling, because I’d got to decide, forever , betwixt two things, and I knowed it. I studied a minute, sort of holding my breath, and then says to myself: ‘All right, then, I’ll go to hell’- and tore it up† (223). â€Å"Huck's justly celebrated crisis of conscience, which culminates in his resolve to free Jim, even if doing so condemns him to hell† (Smith 8) is made a bit easier by his understanding of how others observed their religion. Twain Satirizes Education It is an indication of his depth of satire that Twain uses Huck, an almost completely uneducated narrator, to point out the depth of society's corruption including its failures within the educational system. He doesn't see much use for it in any of his interactions with others. For example, Tom

Assessment Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assessment Management - Case Study Example Initially when application deployment used to take place in most companies, the process was a long, tedious and expensive one. Not only would it consume a lot of resource, it could also take years and end up producing unsatisfactory results. Instead, today more and more companies are opting for software as a service option. There are various other benefits of using the SAAS model. It ensures accuracy of data and information recorded and conveyed around. Because, the responsibility of the application is outside the company it alleviates the management of the need for more corporate applications. (Laudon K) While the companies benefit from low cost of implementation of this model, there are some disadvantages that vendors might face. First of all the investment of the vendor can be heavy. He has to build an entire network infrastructure through which the application has to be hosted and delivered. He will also have to ensure that the application is available at all times, it is secure and ensure privacy of customer related information and lastly, ensuring that users have access to latest releases of the software. These aforementioned issues and their solutions are not only time consuming but also costly. Q2: What are some of the challenges facing Salesforce as it continues its growth? How well will it be able to meet those challenges? Sales force faces many challenges. The biggest challenge for the company comes in the form of its competitors. It has to counter the influence of its competitors who are on prying Sales force’s success and trying to replicate it. Some of the bigwigs in the industry who have tried their hands at it include Microsoft, SAP and Oracle. Each of the aforementioned companies has taken out their own subscription based models of the CRM. Then there are smaller companies like Net Suite who have also tried their hands in this market. Industry analysts have already predicted that Microsoft could deride the sales of Salesforce but provide them stiff competition through their available on-demand CRM product. This is because Microsoft has an already established customer base and it would be offering the product at half the price of Salesforce.com. The second challenge that confronts Salesforce is expansion into new areas. It needs to explore and develop business products for other areas as well. The third challenge that Sales force faces is availability. The success of Salesforce depends on its ability to satiate its customers by ensuring that the software is available at all times i.e. 24*7. It will be quite a challenge ensuring that the software is available at all times. Salesforce is keen on countering the challenges it is faced with. It has partnered with Google Apps and is using its services of Gmail, Google docs; Google Talk and Google Calendar to assist its customers accomplish more tasks through the internet. The partnership is also going to act as a buffer to counter Microsoft and both companies are hopeful that it will further galvanize the growth of this on demand software. Another big step to counter challenges is the introduction of Force.com application through which its customers can download above 800 software applications. Qs 3: What kind of businesses could benefit from switching to Salesforce and why? Small and Medium line business can draw a lot of benefits and advantages from switching to Salesforce. This is because these businesses have a huge dearth of resources, capital and

Essay One Description and Narration Essay Example for Free

Essay One Description and Narration Essay Anyone who has ever achieved anything has had to face many obstacles to accomplish their goals. But what defines their success is never how many obstacles stand in their way, but how many obstacles they overcome. Even though I might have to overcome many tough obstacles in order to become a police officer, I believe that it is important to protect the public and prevent crime. In order to gain a position in the police force, I will have to pass various examinations, such as a written exam that will be based on correct wording, grammar, spelling and punctuation. In my opinion, this exam seems pretty easy because I am good in language arts and reading. Perhaps whenever it comes my time to take this examination, I will ace it. The police academy training also prepares police officers for active duty. The training probably has to be the hardest obstacle for me because it requires intense physical workouts. The first week in training I will have to run, and do calisthenics, which consists of push-ups, crunches, and jumping jacks. I will also have to use the medicine ball to do sit-ups, twist and hand offs, curls presses and extended workouts. Each week I will have to do the sets and reps for these physical workouts and each week the exercises double , so I will have to do double the work. Finding the job as a police officer will definitely be the second hardest obstacle. There will be a lot of competition in order for me to get into police training. In the past, becoming a police officer was not as difficult as it is today. One of the  main reasons that getting a police officer jobs is more difficult now, is that there are many more applicants than there used to be. Once I am a police officer, I can move into other areas like drug investigation. If I become a drug investigator I will have to have five or more years of police experience. Police dog services, also known as K9s is another advancement that I am interested. As K-9 handler I must be able to perform specific tasks with my dog, such as bomb and narcotic detection, human tracking, and finding hidden objects. Or even an explosives disposal technician, which are specialized in training to handle chemical, biological and even nuclear weapons. Out of all these three options, the main one that catches my attention has to be a drug investigator. Hopefully when I have a lot of experience in the police force I can work my way up and become a drug investigator or even a police k-9. It will also be personally gratifying to protect the public.

February Action - creative writing Essay Example for Free

February Action creative writing Essay So, after my great holidays, back to reality. In this case, it meant moving flats. I moved out of my friends flat and in with two Mexican siblings, girl (spoilt acting student) and boy (pain in the ass lawyer student). (The statements in this part are highly influenced by later experiences with the two people, I got along with them and their family fine. ) And when I moved I found the flat under water. So the first thing I did was spend hours soaking towels. Apart from that the two were always nice to me, the guy was almost never there and the girl went home on weekends, so I had the place to myself a lot, which was great. The flat was on the ground floor, so despite great sunny weather outside, I lived in freezing conditions. But it was well-located for work and social life. My room consisted of a bed and a built in cupboard (already provided) and a very useful box (which I found on the street and stayed with me until I moved out). I started working too giving English classes in the Bank of Mexico, some 20 hours a week, all 1-1 classes with mostly enjoyable students. As I had already found a football team, it meant I had found friends who took me out, to the cinema and every sunday the PUMAS (one of the local teams) game was a must. I was introduced to the stadium, the anthem (!!!! ) and the during match entertainment (beer and crisps) and the after match entertainment (more beer, discussion of game, and strange activities like having electric shocks outside of the stadium). Although not completely my description of a great time, it was good fun nevertheless. I otherwise spent quite lazy weekends, enjoying the company of my friend Itziar and playing football. At the end of February, the football girls had a huge party, which was great great fun, a lovely, welcoming group of girls who know how to party. There I became better friends with a lot of them, which was very nice. The party was full of good food, dancing, dancing and dancing and when it ended, we decided to go to a friends house to continue the party, but we all ended up falling asleep there. So some good weekend action. I was invited by the family of my flatmates to Cuernavaca, which is the getaway for inhabitants of the big City. (btw, if New York City is the Big Apple, Mexico City must be something like the Big Papaya) I went out on the Saturday morning by bus and then spent quite a relaxed time in the house, which is quite a bit outside of the city center. We had a lovely meal and then they took me into the city center, where they, interestingly enough, put me on the tourist bus and I went around on that. Pity really, because the main square had some really interesting and fun dancing and singing going on, surrounded by people selling handcrafts and other oddities. So the bus ride was quite amusing, lots of historically interesting information that I forget while the guide is finishing the sentence. Cuernavaca is a nice city and the bus also took us on a walk through some park/ravine, which was also umm nice. Then in the evening I met the family to have supper at a very good Italian restaurant before we headed back to their house, where I fell right to sleep (tired from the party, obviously). Sunday just meant a long sleep, another nice meal and then the return journey back to the city. So I got a look at what Cuernavaca was like, which was enjoyable. Next time, Ill just go by myself to see more of the place instead of seeing it wizzing by from the Touribus.

The History Of The Conflict Perspective

The History Of The Conflict Perspective The conflict perspective is one of two major sociological theories. Also known as the conflict model, it gives sociologists explanations for happenings in history and in society.The conflict perspective was planned by Karl Marx (classical founders of social science) in the middle 1800s. It is totally based upon the work of Karl Marx even though there are many scholars who have contribute in developing this perspective. Marx believed that conflict defined the happenings of society. His conflict perspective believed that the class conflict and class exploitation as the major moving forces in history. This view was revived by C Wright Mills, Lewis Coser, Raymond Aron, Dahrendorf and others. They see a society as held together through the power of dominant groups or classes. C. Wright Millss views, (the founder of modern conflict theory) in social structures are created through conflict between people with differing interests and resources. Conflict Theory: Conflict theory generally surrounds the idea that most struggles in society happen because of conflicts between different social classes or groups. Each group struggles to achieve more resources and because resources are limited, they must struggle with other groups. Groups try to protect their own interests, therefore blocking the progress of other groups. Individuals have aggressive impulses and these impulses are expressed in all relationships. Litarature review Marxism: Karl Marx (1818-1883): as a humanist, Marx wanted all individuals to reach their full human potiential. He belived that capatilism was economic system design to keep power in the hands of the few ,the owner of the means of the production, while the masses were forced to abide by a social system created by the privileged.Marx believed that all of history is characterized by an economics struggle between the haves and the have-nots. Marx was attempting to combine material and ideal factors or structural and cultural factors, and to illustrate their mutual relationship. The importance that Marx placed on using the historical method reflects his evolutionary ideas about human society. He explained how humans separated themselves from animals once they consciously realized that they could produce their own means of subsistence, rather than depending on what nature provided. According to Marx, Class struggle became the next to be expected step in the historical process of human development. Marx stated that class distinctions are heavily influenced by the ownership of personal property. Marx believed that once the exploited became conscious of their plight and misery, they would unite in revolution. The new society would be characterized by communism which was to be the economic and philosophical force that would remove class struggle. Marxs primary ideas of communism are described in the communist manifesto (1848), co written by Marx and Engels. In brief, Marx and Engels believed that the world would be a better place under communism. They believed that class inequality would end with the collective control of property and with the growth in size and power of the working class. The governmental abuse of workers would end with the take apart of government.  [i]   Max Weber (1864-1920): Weber agreed with Marx that ecnomics was an important variable in determining power differential among individuals in society. However, he believed that social divisions were based on two other factors as well: social status and political influence. Weber believed that someone how possesses a great deal of social status and yet is economically poor can still hold power in society. Additionally, Weber argued that social group would identify themselves not merely according to wealth, but more deeply by ethnic and cultural backgrounds, and by shared styles of life'. Weber belived that conflict underlies all social relations and determines power. The control of power is a critical element in conflict theory and power is a central aspect in Webers work on the types of athurity. According to weber, the distribution of power and athority is the basis of social conflict.  [ii]   Elite Conflict Theory (C. Wright Mills): (1916-1962) Like other cflict theoritists, Mills were deeply influenced by the idea of Karl Marx. Political power and class differences were the focus of Mills publications. Mills wrote that the working class is not a revolutionary class capeable of overthrowing capitalism. He did not believe that the rank-and-file workers were a militant force, and that they were more concerned with basic daily issues then with seeking loftier goals. Furthermore, Mills concluded that labor leader did not work in the best intrest of worker and were instead coopted by business and government. He believed that the lack of leadership, the working class could never become a revoluntary force. Power: Power is the critical element of analysis for all conflict theorists. Mills (1958b) described three types of power: Authority: Power that is justified by the beliefs of the voluntarily obedient. Manipulation: Power that is wielded unbeknownst to the powerless. Coercion: The final form of power is where the powerless are forced to obey the powerful. Mills acknowledge that in the modern era, power is more likely to be authoritarian. And yet, the reality remains that most people will always be relatively powerless. The power elite: Mills says about the power elite that the power elite is composed of men whose position enable them to transcend the ordinary environments of ordinary men and women; they are in position to make decision having major consequences. Mills (1958b) explain the unity of the power of elite in psychological and economic terms. The members of the elite generally share a similar origin, education and life style, and because of their similar social type, they easily mix together. Additionally, they are the society elite so they share economic goals. Mills acknowledge that the power elite were not solitary rulers. From the Marxist perspective, Mills felt that the people were subjected to, the will of the bourgeoisie. History has shown that when extreme conservatism is meet with a dramatically change society, conflict is inevitable.  [iii]   Parsonian Conflict Theory (Dahrendorf): (1929) Dahrendorf 1959 believed that sociological theories should be divided into two parts: those that concentrate on issues of consensus and those that concentrate on issues of conflict. Dahrendorf believed that conflict and consensus are both evident in any society. In fact, there cannot be conflict unless some degree of consensus has already been established. When a consensus has been reached, conflict disappears, temporarily. Dahrendrof 1959:162 refer his conflict theory as the coercion theory of society which can be reduced to a small number of basic tents: Every society is at every point subject to processes of change, social change is ever-present. Every society displays at every point dissensus and conflict; conflict is ubiquitous. Every element in a society cause to be contributions its disintegration and change. Every society is based on the coercion of some of its members by other. Dahrendorr believed that power implies the coercion of some by others but recognize that in organization and associations, the power held by certain persons is lawful authority. In making a distinctions from Marx, however, Dahrendrof suggest that authority is not bound by property rights and therefore believed that class conflict is best seen as arising out of a dispute over the distribution of authority in a given authority structure.  [iv]   Conflict theory of Randall Collins: (1941) Conflict theory generally emphasizes the role of power that one group, or person. Kemper and Collins (1990) argue that power and status are fundamental relational dimensions at the micro level of social interaction and perhaps at the macro level as well. Collins (1975) assumed that there are certain goods, namely, wealth, power, and prestige that people in all societies will pursue. Furthuremore, all people dislike being ordered around and will therefore that what they can to avoid the subordinate role. Thus, conflict is inevitbale, for everyone is in pursuit of scarce resources and the roles related to these desired resources. Collins (1975b) concluded that coercion and the ability to forceothers to behave a certain way are the primary basis of conflict. Collins developed five principles of conflict analyses (Ritzier, 2000c:130); Conflict theory must focus on real life rather than abstract formulation. Material arrangement effect interaction. . In some situation of inequality between persons, those who possess the power position generally attempt to exploit those who back resources. The role of culture phenomena, such as beliefs, values, and norms believe must be examined in term of their interest, resources and power. There must a firm commitment to the scientific study of stratification and every other aspect of the social world. In his conflict theory, it is clear that Collins focus on individuals and their inner struggles reveals a micro orientation.Collins believed that sociological research should be aimed at solving concrete problems in the world.  [v]   Feminist conflict theory: Conflict theory has been used by feminists to explain the position of women in society. Feminist conflict theorists argue that women have traditionally been demoralized so that men can benefit from positions of power, wealth, and status. These theorists would argue that the conflict over limited natural resources is what led men to relegate women to domesticity. This interpretation of conflict theory also leads to the idea that men cannot be trusted to give power to women because this gift would conflict with their inherent nature.  [vi]   Conclusion: So it concluded that mans struggle for power, be it family or work place, play group or politics, man wants to achieve the higher and authoritative position. It starts from personal level to national level. There are various groups and communities of people in society belonging to different classes, religions, and ideologies. All of them have different perspectives and values. The clash between these various perspectives leads to conflict between these groups. This conflict can arise from the desire to own the means of production, to own the power or land, or to own the realm of political power, and can be revolutionary. Under the conflict perspective we can say that the basic form of interaction in society is not cooperation, but competition, and this leads to conflict. Because the individuals and groups of society compete for advantage, there is constantly conflict for change. When there are large groups competing the outcome are often major social change. So conflict perspective i s all about the differences between social groups in the society.  [vii]  

Students at Risk and the Digital Divide :: essays papers

Students at Risk and the Digital Divide As the world advances in technology, there are many benefits and disadvantages. In the school systems, students profit from having use of more technology. Then there are schools that have this technology and schools that don’t. There are classes that have it and classes that don’t. There are students in the same class that have access to various forms of technology and others that don’t have that luxury. There is not a definition of students at risk, but rather common characteristics: (a) children/youths from families living in poverty, (b) children/youths with different backgrounds (e.g., experiences, education, and origins), (c) children/youths of color, and (c) children/youths from limited English-speaking families (Davis & McCaul, 1990). Low achievement, poor attendance, low economic status, and attendance at schools with large numbers of students living in poverty contribute to the likelihood of not earning a high school diploma. But students at risk ar e also characterized as students who are likely to leave school without the necessary skills to succeed academically, socially, or vocationally in today's society. These students become victims in the sense that the likelihood of reaching their full potential is diminished. The digital divide is a problem that these students at risk face. It is a divide among household computer and internet access by race/ ethnicity, income, education, location, and disability. The purpose of this research paper is to analyze the inequities that exist with respect to children's educational technological opportunities (Means, 1997). Relationship between Poverty and Students at Risk There is a link between poverty and students at risk. The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (2005) defines poverty is defined as â€Å"a human condition characterized by the sustained or chronic deprivation of the resources, capabilities, choices, security and power necessary for the enjoyment of an adequate standard of living and other civil, cultural, economic, political and social rights.† 1 billion children live in poverty, which are 1 in 2 children in the world. The price these children pay for being born poor is enormous. Carta (1991) cites several sources indicating that low-SES (socio- economic status) children living in inner cities are much more likely to have educationally damaging circumstances as part of their life experiences than are higher SES children. The dangers these children could suffer include prenatal exposure to drugs and AIDS, low birth weight, poor nutrition, lead exposure, and personal injuries and accidents.

Essay on the Metamorphosis in Pride and Prejudice -- Pride and Prejudi

Metamorphosis in Pride and Prejudice   Ã‚   As the story develops in Jane Austen's novel, Pride and Prejudice, the reader is witness to a shift in attitude between the principle characters. The chapter in which Elizabeth Bennett's reactions to Mr. Darcy's letter are explored provides valuable insights into this metamorphosis.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first description of Elizabeth's state upon perusing Fitzwilliam Darcy's revelatory missive is characteristic of Austen when relating heavy emotion: she doesn't. "Her feelings as she read were scarcely to be defined," she tells us (Austen 233). Of course, all this negation of representational skills is purely for dramatic effect, and Miss Austen goes on to provide a full account of every aspect of Elizabeth's emotional upheaval per her reading of the letter, but not, however, without using the device again in the second paragraph, in treating the subject of the truth about Mr. Wickham. Elizabeth's feelings are conveyed as having been "...yet more acutely painful and more difficult of definition." Said difficulty is indeed short lived, as the next sentence reads, "Astonishment, apprehension, and even horror, oppressed her" (Austen 233).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Wickham segment of the chapter, spanning pages 234, 235, and the better part of 236, is significant not so much in its development of Wickham's character, as in what it does to Elizabeth. After the aforementioned astonishment et. al., Elizabeth momentarily engages in denial ("This must be false! This cannot be! This is the grossest falsehood!" (Austen 233)) but eventually her intellectual faculties regain their footing and she settles down to a second "mortifying perusal of all that related to Wickham, and command[s] herself ... ... character about whom we can care, in the midst of a narrative which is not a chore to read. Works Cited Auerbach, Nina. "Waiting Together: Pride and Prejudice." Pride and Prejudice. By Jane Austen. Ed. Donald Gray. New York: Norton and Co., 1993. pp. 336-348. Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. 1813. Ed. Donald Gray. New York: Norton and Co., 1993. Harding, D. W. "Regulated Hatred: An Aspect in the Work of Jane Austen." Pride and Prejudice. By Jane Austen. Ed. Donald Gray. New York: Norton and Co., 1993. pp. 291-295. Johnson, Claudia L. "Pride and Prejudice and the Pursuit of Happiness." Pride and Prejudice. By Jane Austen. Ed. Donald Gray. New York: Norton and Co., 1993. pp. 367-376. Mudrick, Marvin."Irony as Discovery in Pride and Prejudice." Pride and Prejudice. By Jane Austen. Ed. Donald Gray. New York: Norton and Co., 1993. pp. 295-303.

A Comparison Between A Public High School and a Private High School Ess

For my field work project, I chose to do an observation of a public high school and a private high school. The schools I decided to observe were County Public High School and The Pickard School, both of which are located in demographically similar neighborhoods. The purpose for choosing two schools with similar characteristics was to have schools with equal social and economical factors encompassing them. This, I felt would make my findings unbiased within the scope of the project. My rationale for choosing this was to comparatively analyze the differences and similarities between both of the schools, and also to see just how true the stereotype is that private schools are better than public schools. My first visit was to the Pickard School, one of the most distinguishable schools I have ever visited. The school, attended by a mere 200 students, ranged from grades 9-12. It was very clean and freshly painted. When I first walked in the front door of the school, I noticed a large, beau tiful mural of the ocean and a lighthouse with what I later learned was the school motto "Create the Vision" worded across it. I then met with the principal, who informed me about the school. I learned that this school consisted primarily of under-achieving students. Most of the parents chose to send their children there because of their sub-par performance at their prior public school. For a school made up of primarily underachievers, oddly enough, 43 of 44 of last year’s graduates went on to pursue their post-secondary studies. Comparatively, that is a much higher percentage than the 60% of County Public High School graduates who went on to college last year. What is it that is making this school more successful academically? I asked the principal, who taught for 20 years in public school, what she thought made her school different and, if anything, better than public school. She said there is only one difference and that is control. She explained that they had a greater am ount of control on many different levels that public schools do not. The private school has the right to control who stays in the school and who is expelled for failure to adhere to its guidelines. This is not the case in public schools. Another area of control was the fact that the principal as well as all of the staff were required to know every student on a personal level. Because the school is so small, i... ... heads for the business decisions and received hands on experience for the procedure of purchasing. They did not need a lab to gain this type of experience. This leads me to believe if you encourage students to put their heart into something, they are more than likely to give it their best effort. Either way they learn something from the experience. Although you can’t make a student enjoy every class and everything they’re required to learn, if you encourage them to create their vision, they will do whatever it takes to get there. Even if it means succeeding in classes that are preliminary to their achieving their goal. Gaining control by knowing each student as an individual is possible to obtain in a public school setting. I believe this is the most important approach to a successful education. I will apply this lesson when I myself will be teaching in a public school. I will make it my every mission to give individual attention to all of my students. Although I w ill have a lot more students, and this task will be difficult, it will not be impossible. It will just take more time and work. I will make every effort to focus on encouraging all of my students to â€Å"create the vision†. A Comparison Between A Public High School and a Private High School Ess For my field work project, I chose to do an observation of a public high school and a private high school. The schools I decided to observe were County Public High School and The Pickard School, both of which are located in demographically similar neighborhoods. The purpose for choosing two schools with similar characteristics was to have schools with equal social and economical factors encompassing them. This, I felt would make my findings unbiased within the scope of the project. My rationale for choosing this was to comparatively analyze the differences and similarities between both of the schools, and also to see just how true the stereotype is that private schools are better than public schools. My first visit was to the Pickard School, one of the most distinguishable schools I have ever visited. The school, attended by a mere 200 students, ranged from grades 9-12. It was very clean and freshly painted. When I first walked in the front door of the school, I noticed a large, beau tiful mural of the ocean and a lighthouse with what I later learned was the school motto "Create the Vision" worded across it. I then met with the principal, who informed me about the school. I learned that this school consisted primarily of under-achieving students. Most of the parents chose to send their children there because of their sub-par performance at their prior public school. For a school made up of primarily underachievers, oddly enough, 43 of 44 of last year’s graduates went on to pursue their post-secondary studies. Comparatively, that is a much higher percentage than the 60% of County Public High School graduates who went on to college last year. What is it that is making this school more successful academically? I asked the principal, who taught for 20 years in public school, what she thought made her school different and, if anything, better than public school. She said there is only one difference and that is control. She explained that they had a greater am ount of control on many different levels that public schools do not. The private school has the right to control who stays in the school and who is expelled for failure to adhere to its guidelines. This is not the case in public schools. Another area of control was the fact that the principal as well as all of the staff were required to know every student on a personal level. Because the school is so small, i... ... heads for the business decisions and received hands on experience for the procedure of purchasing. They did not need a lab to gain this type of experience. This leads me to believe if you encourage students to put their heart into something, they are more than likely to give it their best effort. Either way they learn something from the experience. Although you can’t make a student enjoy every class and everything they’re required to learn, if you encourage them to create their vision, they will do whatever it takes to get there. Even if it means succeeding in classes that are preliminary to their achieving their goal. Gaining control by knowing each student as an individual is possible to obtain in a public school setting. I believe this is the most important approach to a successful education. I will apply this lesson when I myself will be teaching in a public school. I will make it my every mission to give individual attention to all of my students. Although I w ill have a lot more students, and this task will be difficult, it will not be impossible. It will just take more time and work. I will make every effort to focus on encouraging all of my students to â€Å"create the vision†.

Integrative Network Design Project Essay

Kudler Fine Foods was first founded by Kathy Kudler in La Jolla, California. It has expanded to two more locations, Del Mar, California, and Encinitas, California. The stores are generally spaced, about 8,000 sq ft, and have imported and domestic foods, including Fresh Bakery & Pastries, Fresh Produce, Fresh Meat & Seafood, Condiments & Packaged foods as well as Cheese and other dairy products. Kudler wants to see their company grow by upgrading their communications systems and making it wireless. The wireless technology upgrade will allow the company to have a better way of communicating between the stores as well as to the employees and customers . Network Overview With only three stores, their company is structured with only a few departments: Administration, consisting of Finance & Accounting, Sales & Marketing, Human Resources, Operations, and Information Technology. With only three locations, Kudler does not need an extensive organization. They currently have a Bus Topology implemented that does not allow the stores to communicate with each other. The networks are separate and if a network server goes down, there are not any backups or securities set up. The ability to communicate wirelessly will give Kudler some mobility and will allow the locations to be centralized. The La Jolla and Del Mar locations each have a Novel 4.11 Server for POS as well as a UPS-Standalone tower, a bublejet printer, and a 56k modem. Their six computers are hooked up to a 10.1.50.0 Ethernet Network and all systems use the Ethernet Network to hook on to the Internet. The Encinitas location has a Novell 4.11 Server for POS as well. Their location is a bit smaller with only three computers. Their network includes a 56k modem and Internet. A major part of the upgrade will consist of sales kiosks to have new computers with wireless networking capability. They will also include anti-virus software to protect client information from being attacked by viruses or worms. These new kiosks will also all communications to happen at a faster rate between the checkout stands to the inventory system. Employees will be able to check inventory and prices in real time. The rollout of the new system will need to happen in a series of phases. The first phase must be the layout of the rollout. Meetings will have to take place between the owners and the designer to make sure the standards are being met. The second phase will be the installation  of the network. The third phase will consist of testing the system and the security as well as training all employees and owners on the system. The third phase is extremely important in order for guidelines and rules to be established from the beginning. Once it has been tested and ready for implantation, the new system will go out in the fourth phase. The fourth phase will also include removing the old system. System maintenance will be included to ensure that the system runs smoothly.

Genetically Modified Foods: Their Benefits and Drawbacks

Dear Senator Cornyn, As a United States Senator representing the state of Texas, you know that representing the beat out interests of your constituents is a full time job. perhaps one of the most important items in the lives of Texans is how and where their supply of food is produced. While commonplace agricultural techniques do provide much of the food in the market today, transmissibleally limited foods, or GM foods be quickly becoming an integral relegate of Americas food system. This letter is being submitted to passing game you a skeleton summary of what agenttically limited foods be, their benefits, and their drawbacks.It is our hope that you allow for theatrical role this information to make informed decisions c oncerning this debatable subject. Specifically speaking, agenttic modification is a special set of technologies that alter genetic makeup of organisms much(prenominal) as living creatures, plants, or bacteria. It is a form of biotechnology in which s pecific gene sequences are inserted into a specific plant or animal so that the trait exhibited by the gene is manifested in the plant or animal. By allowing specific genes to be re-combined, the value of the recipient role organism burn down be greatly increased.The potential risks attributed to such a genetically engineered crop can also be increased. Based on the available information, on that point are quite a public figure of tangible benefits to genetically modified plants. Crops can be genetically engineered to be to a greater extent resistant to pests, either plant or animal. By making such plants as corn, soybeans or even alfalfa more resistant, the resultant crop yields are larger, and the occupy for environmentally dangerous pesticides or herbicides are decreased greatly.Other crops, such as rice, have been genetically modified to let in iron and Vitamin A to increase their wellness benefits. There are some risks conglomerate with using genetically modified crops. adept of the most far reaching is the speculation of the genetically modified foods harming other organisms. A recent study of Cornell University indicated that a gene for a bacterial toxin inserted into corn was savage to monarch butterfly larvae. It is a set example of the far reaching affects of such alteration in the food system. other risk inherent in this typecast of modification is uncontrolled cross-pollination. Once a modified gene is placed indoors a plant, it is extremely difficult to preserve it spreading to the rest of the crop. There is a strong possibility of a once desirable modification becoming an unsuitable trait in another plant. Finally, the modified plants that have an increased resistance to pests and weeds can in time advertise the evolution of more resilient weeds and pests through cross breeding or selective evolution.At the time, no medical harm to humans has been traced to ingesting genetically modified foods. It should be remembered, that is n ot the same as proving that genetically modified organisms pose no potential dangers. It is our hope that this letter will provide you with a very brief overview of the many benefits and potential drawbacks of genetically modified foods. Please feel free to pinch us or other effort experts if you require further or more detailed information.

DEVELOPING STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP SKILLS Essay

IntroductionLeadership and management, these are two words we use on daily basis. But the questions like how do we realise good leaders, what qualities, attitude, style and behaviour do they exhibit, are frequent. The ability to lead is not connected to education, although most leaders what are intelligent people. Many qualities required for a leader are also possessed by managers.Although it is unique to everyone there are a total number of common ways.I think, by developing our leadership skills, we are assured a more rewarding and successful career. There is no doubt that, leadership potential can be developed. With commitment, effort and practice, anybody can move beyond the skills you how are born with to be an excellent leader.â€Å"The most dangerous leadership myth is that leaders are born—that there is a genetic factor to leadership.Leadership differs to direction.

Bennis. Globalisation has resulted in diversity. To maximise contribution, each organisation and its managers are now challenged with creating inclusive cold working environment. They need to understand effective leadership style and culture to build trust and effective relationship.There are various means of considering leadership, that vary extract from focusing on the character traits of leadership that is excellent to highlighting facets of the scenario that help determine how folks lead.The strategies how that were effective yesterday are not necessarily effective in the same situation today†-QuinnLook more:  strategic management process essayIn order to face the growing competition in the market, it is very urgent for organisations to build potential leader. Developing strategic management and leadership skills should be a part of organisations’ actions.1.1 Explain the link between strategic management wired and leadership Strategic Management consists of t he analysis of any organisation, decision making and necessary actions in order to create and sustain competitive advantages.It is merely one of many other assets a thriving manager must possess.

Usually it is considered as the responsibility for the overall direction of the organization sums up what strategic management is all about. It can consider also define as the process of identifying and executing the organisation’s strategic goals (mission, vision and objectives) by matching its capabilities with the demand of its environment.Strategic senior management contains a set of managerial decisions. Leadership is the ability of a person to get other willingly to follow.Its something which is accomplished when a individual motivates individuals in a group.Equally, a good leader free will also be a manager. Majority of practical people are interested primarily in what they have to do, and not whether it should be labelled ‘leadership’ or ‘management’ or both. â€Å"It is very true that I have said that I considered Napoleon’s presence in the field equal to forty thousand other men in the balance† —Duke of Wellington. Difference between strategic management and leadershipManagement| Leadership|Intended to plan, organize, co-ordinate and evaluate| Job is to inspire and motivate| management administrate the organisation| Leaders innovate | senior Management tries to maintain the organisation| Leaders tries to develop| Focused on system and structure| Focuses on people|They focus on the present situation | They look towards future| React to problems logical and issues| Proactive to issues and problem| Prefer to control| Knows how to delegate|Minimising risk| Taking risk|  There are thousands of examples for leaders in the world.Leadership and top management arent synonymous.

2 Analysis of impact of management and leadership styles on strategic decision There are different leadership and management styles. Different various styles work well in different situations. They are based on different assumptions and theories. Strategic decisions taken by leaders depend upon their style.Leaders that are supportive understand and good sense women and men feel.2. Democratic styleThe leader involves employees in the decision making. This kind of style is usually appreciated by the employees or subordinate. how This style would bring problems in a situation where there are wide ranges of opinion and there is no well-defined way of taking the first final decision.They also need to make sure they manage change effectively.

Transactional leadershipThe assumption behind this kind of leadership is that people how are motivated by rewards and an organisation work well with a clear chain of command. This kind of leader works thorough creating all clear structures. Subordinates duty  will be well defined and also the reward they get for following the orders. Punishments are not always mentioned, but they how are also well-understood and formal systems of discipline are usually in place.Your leaders are the best factor on your companys capability.Transformational leaderThis style is based on the assumption deeds that employees will follow a leader who motivates them and a person with vision and passion can achieve anything. Transformation strong leadership start with the development of a vision, a view and path to future. That will excite and converter the employees. Transformational religious leaders are so committed always.Youre a pioneer, even in case you dont know it.

Understanding the situation 3. Applying appropriate skills and techniques.Leaders having different styles empty can have different levels of key elements. So the way and level in which they identify their personality can differ."Every leader has a certain style of political leadership thats innate.Especially when a strategic decision needs to made quickly. The impact of this style is for many people, this style feels harsh, a first great possibility of demotivation. Rest of people  assured leader can demonstrate consideration and compassion for team while using the Autocratic style, even though the team is not directly involved in the decision. There are situations in which leader wants input from employees or teams.Leaders are common now.

There is a more common thought that leaders who listen considerately to their follower’s opinion before making final decision get good result as compared to non-listeners. In the case of democratic style, the leader gives up ownership and control of a decision and allows the group to vote. Advantage of this own style is fairly fast decision, and an amount of group participation. No organisation or leader can implement a single style to deal with the multitude of decision that needs to be made during change process (Nancy, 2007).It could mean the folks who own and short run the company.Charismatic leadership style got few drawbacks. The complaint against Lord Browne was administration by media and business associates fuelled his charismatic new style and he ignored day to day core business activities.1.3 How leadership styles can be adopted to different situations? Success of an political organisation or a group dependent on the effectiveness of the leader.When employees are empowered theyre more prone to make decisions which are at the very best interest of the particular client and the organization also.

Leaders must be up to date of the situations. Leaders must be prepared to step in and show the way in all kind of situations.Different style can be adapted to different situations in relation to 1. Business- situations 2.Are such far more likely to reveal their very own loyalty the moment it matters.We know that high risk situation needs very strong and active direct involvement by the leader to keep it control. The people or team members: – In every organisation, there will have different different kind of employees or members.Differ by characters, talents, skills, attitude etc. identifying the team members is a tough task.IT leadership theory Learn the best way to be.

He made a resolution to transform GE into one of the world biggest firm. With his unique leadership style and character, Welch made history during his 2-decade journey at GE. His way of leading was based on some concepts. Lead, not manage:- according to him political leadership can be found in as long as they come up with good ideas and can energize rather than depress and control.Face reality: – good company was losing its market values and there was too much bureaucracy when Jack Welch joined the company. He realised the social realities and brought out strategies and  initiatives that made things better. Simplify the business: – his goal at GE was simplify the business. He didn’t think deeds that business had to be complicated.It can mean opportunities, good ideas, new business or new products (kevin, 2007). Lead by more energizing others, not managing by authority: – Welch called his leadership ideal ‘boundary less’, which means an open organization, free of bureaucracy logical and anything that prevents the free flow of ideas, people and decisions (kevin, 2007). His choice was inspiring others to perform well. red Lead by doing- one of the leadership style adapted by GEInformation technology is critical to the future of GE.The basic assumption behind the theory is that individual characteristics’ make how them suitable leaders only in certain situations. Each situation requires a leader to vary behaviour to fit the conditions. In other words, there is no right or wrong way in leading all the time. Fred Fiedler’s contingency theoryIn 1967, Fred Fiedler proposed his contingency theory.

According to Fielder, the direct relationship oriented style is more effective in situations which are intermediate in favourableness. When an intermediate situation is present, the leader can self help to build confidence and cohesion by focusing on the personal needs of the individuals (Henman, 2007). Hersey and Blanchard theoryIt is another situational theory. This economic theory was introduced 10 year after Fiedler’s theory.That is, followers are not mature or immature in any total or chronological sense; rather, they have varying degrees of maturity depending on knowledge of or experience with a specific goal (Henman, 2007). Leader-style theoryThis theory was introduced by Vroom and Yetton. They explain the different ways leader can make decisions and necessary following guidelines for leader in order to determine the extent to which subordinate should participated in decision making. Charismatic leadershipCharisma, as explained by Max Weber, is a certain good qual ity of individual personality, by virtue of which he or she is apart from ordinary people and treated as a personality with exceptional power or qualities.An effective leader needs to diagnose the needs and wants of followers and then react accordingly.The impact of different theories of management on organisational strategy will be different. giant IBM needs extraordinary leaders who can create high-performance work climates and foster employee engagement; people who not only succeed but enable others to as well. A disciplined process of identifying and developing high achievers and leaders has been a main stone of IBM’s strategy to regain market political leadership in the IT industry.As Fiedler explained, task oriented leaders are very effective when conditions are favourable or unfavourable. When conditions are favourable, members relations how are strong, there is a positive relation between team and leader. Hence new strategies can bring and work it out well so easily. In unfavourable certain circumstances or in stressful situations, a leader’s structure and control can remove undesirable ambiguity and the anxiety that goes with it.

2.2 Create a leadership strategy that support organisational direction Leadership strategy for General ElectricsThe General Electric Company, or GE, is an American multinational conglomerate corporation incorporated in New York. Company operates in five sectors via energy, technology infrastructure, capital finance, consumer andindustrial.It old has been almost a decade since Jack Welch retired as GE’s chairman and CEO, the brain behind the success of GE.If we consider their way in which they lead, and how their decisions, it is clear that they preferred transformational leadership style. Even though both used the same style, Jack Welch had been more opposite extreme than his successor. Leadership strategy: – choosing a best leadership style is the major step in leadership strategy. Leadership at company such like GE is very crucial.It is concerned with emotions, values, ethics, standards, and long-term goals and includes assessing followers’ motives, satis fying their needs, and treating them as full human beings†- (Northouse). The reason behind the selection of this leadership style is this style motivates the followers. The leader and followers are full well aligned in this system. A transformational leader can motivate the followers by setting challenging goals.We have seen the different leadership style and their impact on organisation. Even though, no particular leadership style is better always. It depends on the situations. The best style GE can use is transformational leadership because of based its unique advantages.

The leaders should have collective capabilities like providing direction, motivate the followers, engaging employees in decision making and to gain their active support in implementing planned cross-functional actions, implementing successful innovations, adapting to change, ensuring transparency just like former leaders, developing talents logical and being responsive to customers like Jeffrey Immlet. Since the corporate strategy is becoming more global, it require greater cultural sensitivity among leaders, enhanced representation of different geographies at top level, enhanced language skills to enable cross cultural relationships and greater understanding of local laws and business arrangement in strategy making.3.1 Use appropriate different methods to review current leadership requirement We know the important of leaders.These programs build perfect foundation for accelerating  learning and development in a particular domain, from commercial to operations, from human res ources to information management, from finance and communications to modern technology (GE, Leadership Programs, 2013).There are more than 300,000 employees in GE. The company operates through different sector. GE consistently ranks as the most admired and respected new company in the world.CEO of GE believes that ideal situation for a global firm was to have its factory on a barge that you could first move around the world to wherever it was the best competitive environment at the time. Their strategy is to expand business globally, instead of just looking for alliances.Fast moving anti Globalisation opens new opportunities for a global firm like GE. Hence leadership requirement at GE is tremendous.But they need leaders not only in quantity great but also in quality.3.2 Plan for the development of future situations requiring leadership Requirement of leaders in the GE increases. Leaders are logical not only required in the top level but also in the various bottom levels also.

Leadership Programs: – GE has various leadership programs. As part of their strategy to achieve commercial excellence and drive organic growth, they are developing a pipeline of strong sales logical and marketing leaders at GE through  the Commercial Leadership Program (CLP).CLP offers a curriculum that boosts the development of commercial skills and various techniques that are critical to success in all GE businesses. CLP prepares candidates for a successful career in sales or first commercial operations by providing the opportunity to learn about GE’s products, industry, and customers while making valuable contributions to the on-going success of GE.As compared to their profit growth, they need more to build leadership qualities in their employees. Human resource leadership program: – In GE’s Human Resources Leadership Program people are gaining real-world business experience, contributing to GE businesses and getting in first line for HR leaders hip roles across the company.HRLPs can build countless HR leaders within GE. Experienced commercial leadership programs: – The Experienced Commercial Leadership Program (ECLP) prepares time MBA graduates and experienced professionals for GE leadership roles in marketing and sales.But under certain specific condition, they need specific skills. The more basic skill required for leaders are explained below.Integrity: – this is the basic quality of a leader. This quality makes people trust the leader.They can speak openly logical and accurately about their limitations. Self-regulation: – People who are in control of their feelings and sudden  temptation are able to create an environment of public trust and fairness. Appropriate self-regulators are usually thoughtful and resist making impulsive decisions. These are definite qualities of a good leader.

Communication skills: – to deliver leader’s idea properly, private communication skill is very necessary. A good communicator can pay attention and listen carefully. Lead by example: – One of the best ways to red lead is by example – use where needed, lending a helping hand, and making sure that the work you do is clearly understood by apply your team. Leadership skills strataplex: –Leadership skill requirements are often described as being stratified by organizational level.They are comprised of those skills related to basic cognitive capacities, such as collecting, processing, and disseminating information and learning and are the fundamental skills required for a large portion of the activities in which political leaders are engaged (Mumford, 2007) .These skills include skills like oral communication, written communication, ability to learn and adapt etc. 2. Interpersonal SkillsThese are skill relating to interacting keyword with and influe ncing others.Strategic SkillsStrategic skill requirements are highly conceptual skills needed to take a systems perspective to understand complexity, deal with ambiguity, and to  effect political influence in the organization (Mumford, 2007). This includes skills for planning, visioning etc. â€Å"Leaders are not born, they are grown†- this is the word by the heavenly father of management, Peter Drucker. Leadership ability is not an inborn skill most times.1. Entry level program or Commercial leadership program (CLP) is an example for it. The CLP is a 12 to 24 month program that develops marketing and sales skills through a strong very core curriculum and challenging assignments. 2.

The ECLP program consists of three, eight-month rotational assignments within the marketing and sales functions of one of GE’s businesses (GE, Experienced Program, 2013).4. normal Operation management Leadership program (OMLP): OMLP accelerates development of entry-level talent and produces leaders capable of meeting the challenges facing the Operations, Supply Chain, Manufacturing logical and Quality functions at GE (GE, Entry level program, 2013).4.Commercial leadership program (CLP) provides candidates with valuable training, personal experience and exposure to a team of motivated colleagues and helpful mentors that can accelerate their careers. HRLP (Human Resource Leadership program) has created countless generations of HR leaders at GE. The program continues today and still focuses on taking talented people, providing forgive them with globally diverse challenging experiences, and developing them into world-class HR leaders. Candidates will have formal training, ro tation, seminars, business molecular simulations and community service activities.Another way of developing leadership skills is to get familiar with your followers. It will great help you in understanding their feelings and their needs, which in turn will help you in managing preventing their needs. Different plan for the development leadership skills includes conducting seminar, training programs, meetings, job rotations etc.ConclusionThis assignment is used to explain the important link between strategic management and leadership.Style should be adapted according to the business situation, team members and culture of the organisation. Different leadership theories are discussed in the assignment. Situational theories and contingency theories have been applied. The situations in which different theories can be applied are explained.

In this competitive world, organisation best can only sustain if and only if they can bring strong leaders.There are different ways of enhancing the leadership skills for future requirements. And there should be a plan of developing these skills. The new plan should cover all the current and  future needs for leadership and is helpful in the overall progress of the organization.Leadership style : A powerful model. TJ. Derue, S. (2011).Entry level program. Retrieved 2013, from www.ge.com: http://www.Retrieved may 5, 2013, from www.ge.com: http://www.ge.

ge.com: http://www.ge.com/careers/culture/university-students/experienced-commercial-leadership-program/india GE.com: http://www.ge.com/careers/culture/university-students/experienced-commercial-leadership-program/india GE. (2013).ge.com/careers/culture/university-students/information-technology-leadership-program/india GE. (2013, January 1). Leadership Programs.com/in/careers/leadership_program/index.html Goleman, D. (2004). Leadership That Gets Result.

Rbs – Case Study Example

fountain mull everywhere physical exertion fraction I epitome of background know directge and Facts assurance bake daddy was sight by throng Stewart capital of Maine in 1915. He c single in onlyed it the miracle compound. It was demonst prescribeed to ca lend whizzself as a explicate up means in adust fairs to permit them emission right on. With the counterbalance of self-rising dredge and flashgun ginmill ripplees, cook tonic pops buffer drill enormousness declined. With this decline, Stewart f subvertpot set reached promoting bake hot papa ash for a unnumer competent of rough divers(prenominal) phthisiss, which hold mob cleaner, slipstream aid, and deodorizer. doctrine cook dad holds a 70% foodstuff constituent. They real numberize ternary scale down sizes, 8oz, 1lb, and 5lbs. The 1lb concussion holds to a greater extent than(prenominal) or little 50% of the changes majority. trust has dainty chuck up cog nizance and node devotion. Stewart good stool is comprised of iv variances. credit cook popping (RBS) is in the kinsfolk division. Anna Regnante was fosterd domesticated stain film director for RBS. She was dictated in orient of change magnitude creeds addition by 10% in 2008. The phratry character is constituteing to premiss cardinal sweet harvesting dischargees in 2008. fit in to Chris Dale, Managing music director for Stewarts firm intersection points percentage, they indispens adaptedness the additive attain cast up from RBS to com pitcher storage the change launch expenses for the forward-looking merc overstepises. (Quelch & Beckham, 2009, p1) Regnante of emergency to project wage the field finished how she direct contrive the pick up holdfulness harvest- fundament for the ancient, anchor harvestingion of bake dad. theatrical role II pedagogy of the nub paradoxs Regnantes shopping centre difficulty is cou nting break by dint of what mart mix to use to subjoin credence cook papas winnings by 10% in 2008. mavin of the chief(prenominal) difficultys with RBS is the received insufficiency of publicise.Regnantes harbinger had cut the consumer progress calculate in half. publicise is a account comp iodinent in betray legitimate the crisscrosss harvest-festival is merchandise placeed to its consumers. RBS did non properly tumble nonice (of) the implication for what exclusively bake dad could be apply to do, which embarrasss exterior make clean, thwart c ar, coddle c atomic number 18, and a unnumberable of another(prenominal) things. RBS had drop g lightingd taint sentiency and loyalty with clients but, they compulsory to bulge up the customers and survey the delimit finished and with advertizings which loco jackpot give RBS much of a hawkish advantage. f each the heart and soul of currency aloneocated owards publicise was non a fool t unmatchable-threateningy choice, e particular(a)ly, when the family undeniable to vamp up how cook hot tonic was commercialiseplaceed. The treat advances were powerful in sorrowful the overlap however, they accounted for near 73% of essence gross gross revenue. This led to the go with nonwithstanding merchandising exclusively nigh 25% of RBS at lawful impairments, which could be go a stylus RBS a p piteous less lettuceable. The pile was over debaseing during the furtheranceal periods, which ca utilise in harpencies in steadfast acquire patterns of the produce. a nonher(prenominal) electric bulge forthlet was with the conjunct de none program.Regnante was concern that RBS was non acquire competent de none in role for the sight progressional materialal materials. In position, she found that advertizing acclivityain aliment for RBS is much lower than our cross eat up contentions. (Quelch & Beckham, 2009, p. 5) RBS to a fault seldom de none in switch salt a ways, magazines, or video commercials. If RBS was more(prenominal) diverse with advertizement, then, they would be able to juggle their cross auditory sense in other ways. carry on tierce lower-ranking Problems trustingness bake hot pop leave outed in providing dissimilar advancemental materialal materialal discounts to food securities industry shop classs.By non providing promotional discounts for foodstuff retentions, the shop class managers did non film a germinal way to clear customers into the store to procure bake pop music. securities industry store narrow up concept that the credit bake seenote require to commercialiseplace their harvest-tides improve because bake hot papa was a long-winded merchandise. faith bake carbonated water does not fashion for hush-hush mark off brands. therefore, their grapple treat decreased. This lack of mindage afterwards the mystic mark off market has caused the RBS to dawdle 5% of its market share to reclusive pronounce brands. conviction cook quinine water was the market drawing card, so, if they were able to correct secluded imagines brands they would look at not waiver 5% market share and its general market share could declare gain. Also, a bother existed with address promotion withalts referable to the point that the instal did not discuss or set a bell with the apportion on what to look at its produces for when they were barter ford during a plenty promotion. By not having set promotional sell bells, the work was allowed to account up on inventory at decrease termss. They did not boast to breed the savings to the consumer.This nettly caused a deviation in gather for RBS. To quarter matters worse, these passel promotions often overlapped with consumer promotions. Therefore, it is hard to fork what the existent real additive avail for the promotions were. sectionalisation IV Constraints and Limitations as good up as the problems itemisationed in the in a naughty uper place sections, opinion bake dada pop is cumber and hold in by the fact that cook sal daddy is in the maturate conk out of its heart cycle. When a harvest- conviction reaches maturity date, there is no way for handed-down growth. The product moldinessiness see to it bran- red-hot uses.RBS is not a screeching product that mountain be categorised as a necessity therefore, it mustiness(prenominal) be aggressive in its publicize in sound out to pull in that grease ones palms. The product was old-fashioned and contractful some overhaul to get in it pleasing to the target market. The subscribe to for RBS nose-dived, pas clipping the ingress of self-rising flour and minute of arc streak mixes. Naturally, it would be cheaper for bakeries to change in ones chips to cook hot sodium carbonate and center appeals. This was a ac tually fine-looking puff for RBS, as the market oversteper and the largest supplier of the miracle compound. Randall Todd, an card Manager, for some(prenominal)(prenominal) of the study grocery chains, declared that even though the product was physically displace on the store shelves, it was not macroscopic to the consumer. It was a truly dense move product, which necessitate a troop of pres in encounterable as shooting merchandising to take in care interest. (Quelch & Beckham, 2009, p. 2). Randall storm detect that it was not a instinctive traffic builder, it does not give way high sportover, and it is boring. (Quelch & Beckham, 2009, p. 2). RBS undeniable promotional methods which would turn the heave in their favor. correspond to ferment out 3, RBS had low publicise recall. There was great need to steering market discourse efforts. some other demarcation was the ceaseless damage enlarge for cook tonic over the finis 5 familys. The pr ice changes were not good because it had a negative electrical shock on the jibe of cases that were shipped to the stores. This could lead to stores choosing a competitors brand or change more of its cloak-and-dagger label brand. The nett restriction is that RBS organism a come on product is exchange on the push t rush alongk. The crime syndicate gross revenue effect is salaried found on every quarter gross sales quotas. This allows the sales becomeg to wait on distribute promotions to sell the product.Therefore, they are not interested with the twenty-four hours term to day sales of RBS. component part V selection Solutions trust baking hot sparkling water must maturation usefulness in its kinfolk division by 10% in 2008. In deciding how to do this, Regnante must fix what to do about the trading promotions, consumer promotions and advertizing. Since baking sodium carbonate is a climb on product, a push governing body has been employ at RBS vict imisation a quarterly quota system. In order to deal with the problem of 73% of factory shipments existence interchange development quite a little promotions, a rude(a) periodical quota system could be placed in service.This would build up the sales troops focalize on selling baking soda all end-to-end the twelvemonth, not just when promotions are in place. other pick is to only revamp the cage communicate reimbursement system. At this time retailers are not promoting the product with the aforementioned(prenominal) size ads of RBSs competitors. RBS reach outs a 5% of chronicle fillip for each ad. RBS should carry 50% of the ad make up up to a accredited religious service of the neb for a purchase do within 45 geezerhood of the ad. The ad similarly inevitably to be submitted for commendation forward to the ad macrocosm placed.RBS necessarily to stain sure that their henhouse advertisement innovation states what an grateful ad size is. Th is entrust sanction the retailers to do local anesthetic announce for RBS. The third gear choice would be to good the advert and consumer promotions done visoric advertisement. With this natural selection, RBS could stress on all key(p) items exchangeable cosmos sidereal day. They could build a unhurt market oppose virtually this topic and others resembling it. other picking would be to mount an profits rivulet on the pick uses of baking soda. This ersatz would not involve abundant cash outlays.RBS could compose blogs on websites as well as ache a complete synergetic website disposed to religious serviceing the consumer agnize the non-finite of uses for baking soda. The net option is to heighten on thrust the product through mountain promotions. RBS could rear 10-15% off rack up flyer price several multiplication during the year to make sure that our product is creation shipped. With this change magnitude switch over promotion, RBS could slant a lower suggested retail price on the promotional containages, so that stores volition consume to pass the savings along to their customers. This would quench the problem of purchase only when to augment revenue.Section V performance of outflank election The beat etymon is to take a holistic barter in admittance and co-ordinated a selling architectural plan that uses employment promotions, consumer promotions and advertising in pairing with one another. This onslaught should reduce on typeface trade for its study advertising expenditures. one(a) such core that lends itself to the promotion of the different uses for baking soda is demesne daylight. With more and more of the Ameri privy tribe rivet on Eco- hospitable products, RBS hatful suit baking soda as universe a one fail wonder.RBS should collaborationist with worldly concern mean solar day upshots and hand out 2oz samples with piece of grounds on how baking soda is an en vironmentally fail-safe cleaning agent. It should list all of the realistic uses of the eco-friendly baking soda. The leaflet could, excessively, mention RBSs Eco-pack, which impart ac experience a $1. 00 off rebate. RBS stinkpot package 1 lb boxes of baking soda in opposite number packs called Eco-packs. The incase should have radical ideas of how to use baking soda in environmental friendly ways. Since this is a special package product, RBS should furnish a sell promotion on the reduplicate pack only for the sise weeks beginning the setoff of March.This promotion should consist of buy xi cases, get one free. During this time RBS should likewise beef up television, yarn-dye and mesh advertising, which all should include the environmental brass of the product. To cooccur with the caller-ups marketing efforts, RBS should invite an fillip for the trade to promote RBS through advertising. RBS could apply for 50% of the advertisement follow referable the R BS product, up to 5% of a total account statement purchase within 45 years of the advertisement this promotion would run through the absolute month of April.Other answers that could be marketed include the strike of Summer, drop off bar calendar month and the spend Season. For the start of summer, RBS should boil down its advertising efforts on its uses for chip in-air(prenominal) cleaning, pool, bivouacking and weed removal. This is not a handed-downistic high volume time therefore, they should besides use their trade married persons by fling the equal advertising incentives that were adviseed during the landed estate Day promotion during the months of whitethorn and June. Since RBS offer be used to put out trustworthy bangs. The connection should focalization on firing off resort and measure during the month of October.RBS could put a cusp and a $. 25 voucher in the bags that children traditionally bring stead from develop during this month. The pamp hlet should focalize on key conflagrate arctic initiatives and shine up RBS inscription to conflagrate bar and uses of RBS in fire situations. During the prototypal threesome weeks in October, RBS should passing play a trade promotion of 10% off write up prices on all sizes. This leave behind help the trade partners get create for the approaching vacation while. The final event marketing ride of the year should stresssing on the pass season and getting your ingleside in crown experimental condition for the holidays in a health apprised manner.RBS should again partner with other family unit Division products to advertise nationwide how to get your home ready for the holidays. This ad should run in the October/November editions of top Womens magazines. It should similarly offer a postulate for a $10,000 kitchen makeover. This contest pass on be open to the purchasers of the products publicize in the magazines. This leave alone also be publicize on the cyberspace and through stamp out displays in the stores. During the months of October and November, RBS should offer its co-op advertising promotion as be in the universe Day section.Section VI defense Since faith is in the maturity detail of its life cycle, it is important for them to focus on extending the enjoyment rate and reposition itself in the market. According to Shaeffer (2009), As a market matures, the customer buys solutions and not products. Therefore, it becomes more decisive to focus advertising efforts on new ways of victimisation baking soda. By direction on event marketing, Reliance can help the consumers discover all the workable uses of traditional baking soda.This change magnitude knowledge exit hire the sale of baking soda to the directs mandatory to follow the 10% profit append of the kin division. To append the profit by 10% the gelt sooner SG&A, overhead and Taxes call for to be $20,587,000. The event marketing bleed proposed go aw ay increase the profit to $20,974,000, which well exceeds the 10% increase. The 2008 amplification and expiration cypher is listed as screening 1. This cipher was inclined(p) found upon historical cost and sales entropy to gauge the solution level of both the trade and consumer promotions. butt against 1 Reliance bake Soda lettuce and injustice cypher For the year end celestial latitude 31, 2008 2007E 2008 Manufacturers cost Per guinea pig 8oz 7. 2 7. 2 1lb. 12. 02 12. 02 5lb. 54. 28 54. 8 mill Shipments (in 000s of cases) 8oz 714 883 1lb 1226 1531 5lb 648 660 variable Manufacturing embody Per crusade 8oz. 3. 38 3. 38 1 lb. 5. 58 5. 58 5 lbs. 24. 8 24. egregious gross revenue 55,051 60,585 unsettled Manufacturing salute 25,325 27,896 unprocessed bound 29,726 32,690 publicise TV 3,815 4, three hundred impress 694 1,000 profit 248 300 amount advertising 4,757 5,600 PR/Media end product constitute 198 297 Consumer onward motion 551 839 share advance 5,505 4,980 heart and soul trade outlay 11,011 11,716 Profit ahead SG&A, smash and taxes $ 18,715 $ 20,974 plant Cited Shaeffer, Lee. (2009, October 14). maximise crossing profitability as the food market Matures. Product precaution program library of Knowledge. Retrieved October 1, 2010, from http//www. aipmm. com/ hypertext mark-up language/ newssheet/ file away/000359. php